原始资料

档案和珍藏

切斯尼档案馆，霍普金斯大学

Stanhope Bayne-Jones papers

Wade Hampton Frost papers

William Halsted papers

Christian Herter papers

Franklin Mall papers

Eugene Opie papers

William Welch papers

美国哲学学会

Harold Amoss papers

Rufus Cole papers

Simon Flexner papers

Victor Heiser papers

Peter Olitsky papers

Eugene Opie papers

Raymond Pearl papers

Peyton Rous papers

费城城市档案馆

Alms House, Philadelphia General Hospital Daily Census, 1905—1922 Census Book

Coroner's Office, Interments in Potters Field, 1914—1942

Department of Public Health and Charities Minutes

Journal of the Board of Public Education

Journal of the Common Council

Journal of Select Council

Letterbook of Chief of Electrical Bureau, Department of Public Safety

费城医学院

William N. Bradley papers

Arthur Caradoc Morgan papers

Influenza papers

哥伦比亚大学，巴特勒图书馆，口述史研究办公室

A. R. Dochez oral history

Abraham Flexner oral history

费城历史学会

The Advisory Committee on Nursing, Philadelphia Hospital for Contagious Disease, Report for Feb. 1919

Council of National Defense papers

Benjamin Hoffman collection

Dr. William Taylor collection

Herbert Welsh collection

Woman's Advisory Council, Philadelphia General Hospital collection

杰斐逊医学院

Annual Report, Jefferson Hospital, year ended May 31, 1919

国会图书馆

Newton Baker papers

Ray Stannard Baker papers

George Creel papers

Joseph Tumulty papers

Woodrow Wilson papers

美国科学院

Executive Committee of Medicine 1916—1917 files

Medicine and Related Sciences, 1918 Activities Summary

Committee on Medicine and Hygiene 1918 files

Committee on Psychology/Propaganda Projects files

Influenza files

Biographical files for Oswald Avery, Rufus Cole, Alphonse Dochez, Eugene Opie, Thomas Rivers, Hans Zinsser

国家档案馆

Red Cross records

U. S. Army Surgeon General records

U. S. Navy Surgeon General records

U. S. Public Health Service records

国家医学图书馆

Stanhope Bayne-Jones papers and oral history

Michael Heidelberger oral history

Frederick Russell papers

Donald Van Slyke oral history

Shields Warren oral history

纽约市政档案馆

Annual Report of the Department of Health of the City of New York for 1918

Collected Studies of the Bureau of Laboratories of the Department of Health of the City of New York for the Years 1916—1919, v. 9

Collected Reprints of Dr. William H. Park, v. 3, 1910—1920

罗德岛历史学会

Charles Chapin papers

洛克菲勒大学档案馆

Paul Lewis papers

Reports to the Board of Scientific Directors

斯特林图书馆，耶鲁大学

Gordon Auchincloss papers

Arthur Bliss Lane papers

Vance C. McCormick papers

Frederic Collin Walcott papers

Charles-Edward Winslow papers

天普大学特别收藏

Thomas Whitehead papers

天普大学城市档案

Carson College for Orphan Girls

Children's Hospital, Bainbridge

Clinton Street Boarding Home

Housing Association of Delaware Valley papers

Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf papers

Pennsylvania Hospital

Pennsylvania Society to Protect Children from Cruelty

Philadelphia Association of Day Nurseries

Whosoever Gospel Mission of Germantown

Young Women's Boarding Home Association of Philadelphia

Report of the Hospital of the Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania, 1919

田纳西历史学会

Oswald Avery papers

北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校

Milton Rosenau papers

宾夕法尼亚大学档案

George Wharton Pepper papers

二手资料

报纸

Arizona Gazette

Arizona Republican

Boston Globe

Chicago Tribune

London Times

Los Angeles Times

New Orleans Item

New Orleans Times-Picayune

New York Times

Philadelphia Inquirer

Philadelphia North American

Philadelphia Public Ledger

Providence Journal

San Francisco Chronicle

Santa Fe Monitor（Kansas）

Seattle Post-Intelligencer

Seattle Times

Washington Post

Washington Star

文章

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Anastassiades, T. “Autoserotherapy in Influenza.” Grece Medicale, reported in JAMA 72, no. 26（June 28, 1919）: 1947.

Andrewes, C. H. “The Growth of Virus Research 1928—1978.” Postgraduate Medical Journal 55, no. 64（Feb. 1979）: 73—77.

Ashford, Bailey K. “Preparation of Medical Officers of the Combat Division in France at the Theatre of Operations.” Military Surgeon 44（Feb. 1919）: 111—114.

Austrian, R. “The Education of a ‘Climatologist.’” Transactions of the American Clininical Climatolology Association 96（1984）: 1—13.

Avery, Oswald Theodore. “A Selective Medium for B. Influenzae, Oleate-hemoglobin Agar.” JAMA 71, no. 25（Dec. 21, 1918）: 2050—2052.

Avery, Oswald Theodore, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty. “Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types.” Journal of Experimental Medicine（1979, originally published Feb. 1, 1944）: 297—326.

Baer, E. D. “Letters to Miss Sanborn: St. Vincent's Hospital Nurses' Accounts of World War I.” Journal of Nursing History 2, no. 2（April 1987）: 17—32.

Baird, Nancy. “The ‘Spanish Lady’ in Kentucky.” Filson Club Quarterly 50, no. 3: 290—302.

Barnes, Frances M. “Psychoses Complicating Influenza.” Missouri State Medical Association 16（1919）: 115—120.

Benison, Saul. “Poliomyelitis and the Rockefeller Institute: Social Effects and Institutional Response.” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 29（1974）: 74—92.

Bernstein, B. J. “The Swine Flu Immunization Program.” Medical Heritage 1, no. 4（July-Aug. 1985）: 236—266.

Bircher, E. “Influenza Epidemic.” Correspondenz-Blattfur Schweizer Aerzte, Basel. 48, no. 40,（Nov. 5, 1918）: 1338, quoted in JAMA 71, no. 24（Dec. 7, 1918）: 1946.

Bloomfield, Arthur, and G. A. Harrop Jr. “Clinical Observations on Epidemic Influenza.” Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin 30（1919）.

Bogardus, F. B. “Influenza Pneumonia Treated by Blood Transfusion.” New York Medical Journal 109, no. 18（May 3, 1919）: 765—768.

Bourne, Randolph. “The War and the Intellectuals.” The Seven Arts 2（June 1917）: 133—146.

Brown P., J. A. Morris, and D. C. Gajdusek. “Virus of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Era: New Evidence About Its Antigenic Character.” Science 166, no. 901 （Oct. 3, 1969）: 117—119.

Burch, M. “‘I Don't Know Only What We Hear’: The Soldiers' View of the 1918 Influenza Epidemic.” Indiana Medical Quarterly 9, no. 4（1983）: 23—27.

Burnet, F. M. “The Influence of a Great Pathologist: A Tribute to Ernest Goodpasture.” Perspectives on Biology and Medicine 16, no. 3（spring 1973）: 333—347.

——. “Portraits of Viruses: Influenza Virus A.” Intervirology 11, no. 4（1979）: 201—14.

Capps, Joe. “Measures for the Prevention and Control of Respiratory Disease.” JAMA 71, no. 6（Aug. 10, 1918）: 571—573.

Centers for Disease Control. AIDS Surveillance Report 13, no. 2（Sept. 24, 2002）.

Chan, P. K. S. et al. “Pathology of Fatal Infection Associated with Avian Influenza A H5N1 Virus.” Journal of Medical Virology 63, no. 3（March 2001）, 242—246.

Charles, A. D. “The Influenza Pandemic of 1918—1919: Columbia and South Carolina's Response.” Journal of the South Carolina Medical Association 73, no. 8 （Aug. 1977）: 367—370.

Chesney, Alan. “Oswald Theodore Avery.” Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 76, no. 2（1956）: 451—460.

Christian, Henry. “Incorrectness of Diagnosis of Death from Influenza.” JAMA 71 （1918）.

Claude, Henri, M. D. “Nervous and Mental Disturbances Following Influenza.” Quoted in JAMA 72, no. 22（May 31, 1919）: 1634.

Clough, Paul. “Phagocytosis and Agglutination in the Serum of Acute Lobar Pneumonia.” Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin 30（1919）: 167—170.

Cole, Rufus. “Pneumonia as a Public Health Problem.” Kentucky Medical Journal 16（1918）: 563—565.

——. “Prevention of Pneumonia.” JAMA 71, no. 8（August 24, 1918）: 634—636.

Cole, Rufus, et al. “Acute Lobar Pneumonia Prevention and Serum Treatment.” Monograph of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research 7（Oct. 1917）.

Cowie, D. M., and P. W. Beaven. “Nonspecific Protein Therapy in Influenzal Pneumonia.” JAMA 72, no. 16（April 19, 1919）.

Cumberland, W. H. “Epidemic! Iowa Battles the Spanish Influenza.” Palimpsest 62, no. 1（1981）: 26—32.

Davenport, F. M. “The Search for the Ideal Influenza Vaccine.” Postgraduate Medical Journal 55, no. 640（Feb. 1979）: 78—86.

Davenport, R. M., G. N. Meiklejohn, and E. H. Lennette. “Origins and Development of the Commission on Influenza.” Archives of Environmental Health 21, no. 3（Sept. 1970）: 267—272.

De Grazia, Victoria. “The Selling of America, Bush Style.” New York Times, Aug. 25, 2002.

Dingle, J. H., and A. D. Langmuir. “Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Disease in Military Recruits.” American Review of Respiratory Diseases 97, no. 6（June 1968）: 1—65.

Doty, Permillia. “A Retrospect on the Influenza Epidemic.” Public Health Nurse, 1919.

Douglas, R. J. “Prophylaxis and Treatment of Influenza.” In Scientific American's Medicine, edited by E. Rubinstein and D. Federman. New York: Scientific American Inc., 1994.

Dowdle, W. R., and M. A. Hattwick. “Swine Influenza Virus Infections in Humans.” Journal of Infectious Disease 136, supp. S（Dec. 1977）: 386—389.

Draggoti, G. “Nervous Manifestations of Influenza.” Policlinico 26, no. 6（Feb. 8, 1919）161, quoted in JAMA 72, no. 15（April 12, 1919）: 1105.

Dubos, René. “Oswald Theodore Avery, 1877—1955.” Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 2（1956）: 35—48.

Durand, M. L. et al. “Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Adults: A Review of 493 Episodes.” New England Journal of Medicine 328, no. 1（Jan. 1993）21—28.

Eaton, Ernest. “A Tribute to Royal Copeland.” Journal of the Institute of Homeopathy 31, no. 9: 555—558.

Ebert, R. G. “Comments on the Army Venereal Problem.” Military Surgeon 42 （July-Dec. 1918）, 19—20.

Emerson, G. M. “The ‘Spanish Lady’ in Alabama.” Alabama Journal of Medical Science 23, no. 2（April 1986）: 217—221.

English, F. “Princeton Plagues: The Epidemics of 1832, 1880 and 1918—1919.” Princeton History 5（1986）: 18—26.

Ensley, P. C. “Indiana and the Influenza Pandemic of 1918.” Indiana Medical History 9, no. 4（1983）: 3—15.

“Epidemic Influenza and the United States Public Health Service.” Public Health Reports 91, no. 4（July-Aug. 1976）: 378—380.

Feery, B. “1919 Influenza in Australia.” New England Journal of Medicine 295, no. 9（Aug. 26, 1976）: 512.

Fell, Egbert. “Postinfluenzal Psychoses.” JAMA 72, no. 23（June 7, 1919）: 1658—1659.

Fennel, E. A. “Prophylactic Inoculation Against Pneumonia.” JAMA 71, no. 26, （Dec. 28, 1918）: 2115—2118.

Fincher, Jack. “America's Rendezvous with the Deadly Lady.” Smithsonian Magazine, Jan. 1989: 131.

Finland, M. “Excursions into Epidemiology: Selected Studies During the Past Four Decades at Boston City Hospital.” Journal of Infectious Disease 128, no. 1（July 1973）: 76—124.

Flexner, Simon. “Paul Adin Lewis.” Science 52（Aug. 9, 1929）: 133—134.

——. “The Present Status of the Serum Therapy of Epidemic Cerebro-spinal Meningitis.” JAMA 53（1909）53: 1443—1446.

Flexner, Simon, and Paul Lewis. “Transmission of Poliomyelitis to Monkeys: A Further Note.” JAMA 53（1909）: 1913.

Friedlander et al. “The Epidemic of Influenza at Camp Sherman.” JAMA 71, no. 20（Nov. 16, 1918）: 1650—1671.

Frost, W. H. “Statistics of Influenza Morbidity.” Public Health Reports 7（March 12, 1920）: 584—597.

Galishoff, S. “Newark and the Great Influenza Pandemic of 1918.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 43, no. 3（May-June 1969）: 246—258.

Gear, J. H. “The History of Virology in South Africa.” South African Medical Journal （Oct. 11, 1986, suppl）: 7—10.

Glezen, W. P. “Emerging Infections: Pandemic Influenza.” Epidemiology Review 18, no. 1（1996）: 64—76.

Goodpasture, Ernest W. “Pathology of Pneumonia Following Influenza.” U. S. Naval Bulletin 13, no. 3（1919）.

Grist, N. R. “Pandemic Influenza 1918.” British Medical Journal 2, no. 6205（Dec. 22—29, 1979）: 1632—1633.

Guerra, F. “The Earliest American Epidemic: The Influenza of 1493.” Social Science History 12, no. 3（1988）: 305—325.

Halpern, Sue. “Evangelists for Kids.” New York Review of Books, May 29, 2003.

Hamaker, Gene. “Influenza 1918.” Buffalo County, Nebraska, Historical Society 7, no. 4.

Hamilton, D. “Unanswered Questions of the Spanish Flu Pandemic.” Bulletin of the American Association of the History of Nursing 34（spring 1992）: 6—7.

Harris, John. “Influenza Occuring in Pregnant Women: A Statistical Study of 130 Cases.” JAMA 72, no. 14（April 5, 1919）: 978—980.

Harrop, George A. “The Behavior of the Blood Toward Oxygen in Influenzal Infections.” Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin 30（1919）: 335.

Hayden, Frederick G., and Peter Palese. “Influenza Virus.” In Clinical Virology, edited by Douglas Richman, Richard Whitley, and Frederick Hayden, 911—930. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1997.

Heagerty, J. J. “Influenza and Vaccination.” Canadian Medical Association Journal 145, no. 5（Sept. 1991, originally published 1919）: 481—482.

Herda, P. S. “The 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Fiji, Tonga and the Samoas. In New Countries and Old Medicine: Proceedings of an International Conference on the History of Medicine and Health, edited by L. Bryder and D. A. Dow, 46—53. Auckland, New Zealand: Pyramid Press, 1995.

Hewer, C. L. “1918 Influenza Epidemic.” British Medical Journal 1, no. 6157 （Jan.1979）: 199.

Hildreth, M. L. “The Influenza Epidemic of 1918—1919 in France: Contemporary Concepts of Aetiology, Therapy, and Prevention.” Social History of Medicine 4, no. 2 （Aug. 1991）: 277—294.

Holladay, A. J. “The Thucydides Syndrome: Another View.” New England Journal of Medicine 315, no. 18（Oct. 30, 1986）: 1170—1173.

Holland, J. J. “The Origin and Evolution of Chicago Viruses.” In Microbiology and Microbial Infections, v. 1, Virology, edited by Brian W. J. Mahy and Leslie Collier, 10—20. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Hope-Simpson, R. E. “Andrewes Versus Influenza: Discussion Paper.” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 79, no. 7（July 1986）: 407—411.

——. “Recognition of Historic Influenza Epidemics from Parish Burial Records: A Test of Prediction from a New Hypothesis of Influenzal Epidemiology.” Journal of Hygiene 91, no. 2（Oct. 1983）: 293—308.

“How to Fight Spanish Influenza.” Literary Digest 59（Oct. 12, 1918）.

Hyslop, A. “Old Ways, New Means: Fighting Spanish Influenza in Australia, 1918—1919.” In New Countries and Old Medicine: Proceedings of an International Conference on the History of Medicine and Health, edited by L. Bryder and D. A. Dow, 54—60. Auckland, New Zealand: Pyramid Press, 1995.

Irwin, R. T. “1918 Influenza in Morris County.” New Jersey Historical Community Newsletter（March 1981）: 3.

Jackson, G. G. “Nonbacterial Pneumonias: Contributions of Maxwell Finland Revisited.” Journal of Infectious Disease 125, supp. （March 1972）: 47—57.

Johnson, Niall, and Juergen Mueller. “Updating the Accounts: Global Mortality of the 1918—1920 ‘Spanish’ Influenza Pandemic.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 76（spring 2002）: 105—115.

Kass, A. M. “Infectious Diseases at the Boston City Hospital: The First 60 Years.” Clinical Infectious Disease 17, no. 2（Aug. 1993）: 276—282.

Katz, R. S. “Influenza 1918—1919: A Further Study in Mortality.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 51, no. 4（winter 1977）: 617—619.

——. “Influenza 1918—1919: A Study in Mortality.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 48, no. 3（fall 1974）: 416—422.

Katzenellenbogen, J. M. “The 1918 Influenza Epidemic in Mamre.” South African Medical Journal 74, no. 7（Oct. 1, 1988）, 362—364.

Keating, Peter. “Vaccine Therapy and the Problem of Opsonins.” Journal of the History of Medicine 43（1988）, 275—296.

Keegan, J. J. “The Prevailing Epidemic of Influenza.” JAMA 71（Sept. 28, 1918）, 1051—1052.

Keeton, Riet, and A. Beulah Cusman. “The Influenza Epidemic in Chicago.” JAMA 71, no. 24（Dec. 14, 1918）: 2000—2001.

Kerson, T. S. “Sixty Years Ago: Hospital Social Work in 1918.” Social Work Health Care 4, no. 3（spring 1979）: 331—343.

Kilbourne, E. D., M. D. “A History of Influenza Virology.” In Microbe Hunters—Then and Now, edited by H. Koprowski and M. B. Oldstone, 187—204. Bloomington, Ill.: Medi-Ed Press, 1996.

——. “In Pursuit of Influenza: Fort Monmouth to Valhalla（and Back）.” Bioessays 19, no. 7（July 1997）: 641—650.

——. “Pandora's Box and the History of the Respiratory Viruses: A Case Study of Serendipity in Research.” History of the Philosophy of Life Sciences 14, no. 2（1992）: 299—308.

King, John. “The Progress of Medical Reform.” Western Medical Reformer 6, no. 1846: 79—82.

Kirkpatrick, G. W. “Influenza 1918: A Maine Perspective.” Maine Historical Society Quarterly 25, no. 3（1986）: 162—177.

Knight, C. P. “The Activities of the USPHS in Extra-Cantonment Zones, With Special Reference to the Venereal Disease Problem.” Military Surgeon 44（Jan. 1919）: 41—43.

Knoll, K. “When the Plague Hit Spokane.” Pacific Northwest Quarterly 33, no. 1（1989）: 1—7.

Koen, J. S. “A Practical Method for Field Diagnosis of Swine Diseases.” Journal of Veterinary Medicine 14（1919）: 468—470.

Kolmer, John, M. D., “Paper Given at the Philadelphia County Medical Society Meeting, Oct. 23, 1918.” Pennsylvania Medical Journal, Dec. 1918.

Krumwiede, Charles, Jr., and Eugenia Valentine. “Determination of the Type of Pneumococcus in the Sputum of Lobar Pneumonia, A Rapid Simple Method.” JAMA 70（Feb. 23, 1918）: 513—514.

Kyes, Preston. “The Treatment of Lobar Pneumonia with an Anti-pneumococcus Serum.” Journal of Medical Research 38（1918）: 495—498.

Lachman, E. The German Influenza of 1918—19: Personal Recollections and Review of the German Medical Literature of that Period.” Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association 69, no. 12（Dec. 1976）: 517—520.

Lamber, Arthur. “Medicine: A Determining Factor in War.” JAMA 21, no. 24（June 14, 1919）: 1713.

Langmuir, A. D. “The Territory of Epidemiology: Pentimento.” Journal of Infectious Disease 155, no. 3（March 1987）: 349—358.

Langmuir, A. D., et al. “The Thucydides Syndrome: A New Hypothesis for the Cause of the Plague of Athens.” New England Journal of Medicine 313, no. 16（Oct. 17, 1985）: 1027—1030.

Lautaret, R. L. “Alaska's Greatest Disaster: The 1918 Spanish Influenza Epidemic” Alaska Journal 16（1986）: 238—243.

Lehman, Joseph. “Clinical Notes on the Recent Epidemic of Influenza.” Monthly Bulletin of the Department of Public Health and Charities（Philadelphia）, March 1919.

Leonard, Stephen, “The 1918 Influenza Epidemic in Denver and Colorado.” Essays and Monographs in Colorado History, essays no. 9, 1989.

Levin, M. L. “An Historical Account of ‘The Influence.’” Maryland State Medical Journal 27, no. 5（May 1978）: 58—62.

Lewis, Paul A., and Richard E. Shope. “Swine Influenza II. Hemophilic Bacillus from the Respiratory Tract of Infected Swine.” Journal of Infectious Disease 54, no. 3 （1931）: 361—372.

Lichtenstein, A. M. “The Influenza Epidemic in Cumberland, Md.” Johns Hopkins Nurses Alumni Magazine 17, no. 4（Nov. 1918）: 224—227.

Lyons, D., and G. Murphy. “Influenza Causing Sunspots?” Nature 344, no. 6261（March 1, 1990）: 10.

MacCallum, William G. “Pathological Anatomy of Pneumonia Following Influenza.” Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports 20 fasciculus II（1921）: 149—151.

——. “The Pathology of Pneumonia in the U. S. Army Camps During the Winter of 1917—18.” Monographs of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research（10）, 1919.

McCann, T. A. “Homeopathy and Influenza.” Journal of the American Institute for Homeopathy, May 1921.

McCord, C. P. “The Purple Death: Some Things Remembered About the Influenza Epidemic of 1918 at One Army Camp.” Journal of Occupational Medicine 8, no. 11 （Nov. 1966）: 593—598.

McCullers, J. A., and K. C. Bartmess. “Role of Neuraminidase in Lethal Synergism Between Influenza Virus and Streptococcus Pneumoniae.” Journal of Infectious Diseases 187, no. 6（March 15, 2003）: 1000—1009.

McCullum, C. “Diseases and Dirt: Social Dimensions of Influenza, Cholera, and Syphilis.” Pharos 55, no. 1（winter 1992）: 22—29.

Macdiarmid, D. “Influenza 1918.” New Zealand Medical Journal 97, no. 747 （Jan. 1984）: 23.

McGinnis, J. D. “Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Company: Influenza, Quackery, and the Unilateral Contract.” Bulletin of Canadian History of Medicine 5, no. 2（winter 1988）: 121—141.

MacLachlan, W. W. G., and W. J. Fetter. “Citrated Blood in Treatment of Pneumonia Following Influenza.” JAMA 71, no. 25（Dec. 21, 1918）: 2053—2054.

MacLeod, Colin. “Theodore Avery, 1877—1955.” Journal of General Microbiology 17（1957）: 539—549.

McMichael, A. J. et al. “Declining T-cell Immunity to Influenza, 1977—1982. Lancet 2, no. 8353（Oct. 1, 1983）: 762—764.

MacNeal, W. J. “The Influenza Epidemic of 1918 in the AEF in France and England.” Archives of Internal Medicine 23（1919）.

McQueen, H. “Spanish' Flu”—1919: Political, Medical and Social Aspects.” Medical Journal of Australia 1, no. 18（May 3, 1975）: 565—570.

Maxwell, William. “A Time to Mourn.” Pen America 2, no. 4（2002）.

Mayer, J. L., and D. S. Beardsley. “Varicella-associated Thrombocytopenia: Autoantibodies Against Platelet Surface Glycoprotein V.” Pediatric Research 40（1996）: 615—619.

Meiklejohn, G. N. “History of the Commission on Influenza.” Social History of Medicine 7, no. 1（April 1994）: 59—87.

Meltzer, Martin, Nancy Cox, and Keiji Fukuda. “Modeling the Economic Impact of Pandemic Influenza in the United States: Implications for Setting Priorities for Intervention.” In Emerging Infectious Diseases, CDC, 1999, www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no5/melt_back.htm.

Mencken, H. L. “Thomas Henry Huxley 1825—1925.” Baltimore Evening Sun, May 4, 1925.

Mills, I. D. “The 1918—19 Influenza Pandemic—The Indian Experience.” Indian Economic and Social History Review 23（1986）: 1—36.

Morens, D. M., and R. J. Littman. “‘Thucydides Syndrome’ Reconsidered: New Thoughts on the ‘Plague of Athens.’” American Journal of Epidemiology 140, no. 7 （Oct. 1, 1994）: 621—28, discussion 629—631.

Morton, G. “The Pandemic Influenza of 1918.” Canadian Nurse 69, no. 12 （Dec. 1973）: 25—27.

Mullen, P. C., and M. L. Nelson. “Montanans and ‘The Most Peculiar Disease’: The Influenza Epidemic and Public Health, 1918—1919.” Montana 37, no. 2（1987）: 50—61.

Murphy, Brian R., and Robert G. Webster. “Orthomyxoviruses.” In Fields' Virology, third edition, Bernard Fields, editor in chief. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996.

Nicolle, Charles, and Charles LeBailly. “Recherches experimentales sur la grippe.” Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 33（1919）: 395—402.

Nutton, Vivian. “Humoralism.” In Companion Encyclopedia to the History of Medicine, edited by Bynum and Porter. London: Routledge, 1993.

Nuzum, J. W. et al. “1918 Pandemic Influenza and Pneumonia in a Large Civil Hospital.” Illinois Medical Journal 150, no. 6（Dec. 1976）: 612—616.

Osler, William. “The Inner History of Johns Hopkins Hospital.” Edited by D. Bates and E. Bensley. Johns Hopkins Medical Journal 125（1969）: 184—194.

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Palmer, E., and G. W. Rice. “A Japanese Physician's Response to Pandemic Influenza: Ijiro Gomibuchi and the ‘Spanish Flu’ in Yaita-Cho, 1918—1919.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 66, no. 4（winter 1992）: 560—577.

Pandit, C. G. “Communicable Diseases in Twentieth-Century India.” American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 19, no. 3（May 1970）: 375—382.

Pankhurst, R. “The Great Ethiopian Influenza（Ye Hedar Beshita）Epidemic of 1918.” Ethiopian Medical Journal 27, no. 4（Oct. 1989）: 235—242.

——. “A Historical Note on Influenza in Ethiopia.” Medical History 21, no. 2（April 1977）: 195—200.

Park, William H. “Anti-influenza Vaccine as Prophylactic.” New York Medical Journal 108, no. 15（Oct. 12, 1918）.

Park, William H. et al. “Introduction.” Journal of Immunology 6, Jan. 1921: 2—8.

Patterson, K. D., and G. E Pyle. “The Diffusion of Influenza in Sub-Saharan Africa During the 1918—1919 Pandemic.” Social Science and Medicine 17, no. 17（1983）: 1299—1307.

——. “The Geography and Mortality of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 65, no. 1（spring 1991）: 4—21.

Pennisi, E. “First Genes Isolated from the Deadly 1918 Flu Virus.” Science 275, no. 5307（March 21, 1997）: 1739.

Persico, Joe. “The Great Spanish Flu Epidemic of 1918.” American Heritage 27（June 1976）: 28—31, 80—85.

Polson, A. “Purification and Aggregation of Influenza Virus by Precipitation with Polyethylene Glycol.” Prep Biochemistry 23, nos. 1—2（Feb. -May 1993, originally published 1974）: 207—225.

Porter, Katherine Anne. “Pale Horse, Pale Rider.” The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter. New York: Harcourt, 1965, 304—317.

Pusey, William Allen, M. D. “Handling of the Venereal Problem in the U. S. Army in Present Crisis.” JAMA 71, no. 13（Sept. 28, 1918）: 1017—1019.

Raff, M. J., P. A. Barnwell, and J. C. Melo. “Swine Influenza: History and Recommendations for Vaccination.” Journal of the Kentucky Medical Association 74, no. 11（Nov. 1976）: 543—548.

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未公开资料

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